📘 Adjectives – Full Grammar Notes (English → Hindi)
1. Adjective (विशेषण)
A word that describes a noun or pronoun.
It tells about:
✔ Quality (गुण)
✔ Quantity (मात्रा)
✔ Number (संख्या)
✔ Colour (रंग)
✔ Size (आकार)
Examples:
- a tall boy (लंबा लड़का)
- three apples (तीन सेब)
- red car (लाल कार)
- honest man (ईमानदार आदमी)
2. Types of Adjectives (विशेषण के प्रकार)
1. Adjective of Quality (गुणवाचक)
good, bad, tall, brave
2. Adjective of Quantity (परिमाणवाचक)
some, little, much, enough
3. Adjective of Number (संख्यावाचक)
one, two, first, second, many
4. Demonstrative Adjective (संकेतवाचक)
this, that, these, those
5. Interrogative Adjective (प्रश्नवाचक)
which, what, whose
6. Possessive Adjective (अधिकारवाचक)
my, your, his, her, their
3. Degrees of Adjectives (विशेषण की तीन अवस्थाएँ)
1. Positive Degree — सामान्य वर्णन
Example: tall
2. Comparative Degree — तुलना बताता है
Example: taller
3. Superlative Degree — सबसे अधिक बताता है
Example: tallest
Examples:
small → smaller → smallest
happy → happier → happiest
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
4. Use of Adjectives (वाक्यों में उपयोग)
✔ Adjective comes before a noun:
- She is a smart girl.
✔ After verb (be, look, seem):
- He looks tired.
✔ Adjective does NOT take plural form:
❌ beautifuls girls
✔ beautiful girls
✔ Number adjectives go first:
- three red roses
5. Important Rules (महत्वपूर्ण नियम)
✔ “Very” + adjective:
very good, very tall
✔ “Much” + comparative adjective:
much better, much higher
✔ “More” + long adjectives:
more intelligent
more beautiful
✔ Order of adjectives (Sequence):
Number → Size → Age → Colour → Material
Example:
three big old red wooden chairs
6. Common Mistakes (आम गलतियाँ)
❌ She is very tallest girl.
✔ She is the tallest girl.
❌ This is more easy.
✔ This is easier.
❌ He is more smarter.
✔ He is smarter.
Reason:
Comparative forms or superlative forms incorrectly mixed with "very" or "more".