HTML SVG Graphics

SVG defines vector-based graphics in XML, which can be directly embedded in HTML pages.

SVG graphics are scalable, and do not lose any quality if they are zoomed or resized.

SVG is supported by all major browsers.

What is SVG?

• SVG stands for Scalable Vector Graphics.
• SVG is used to define vector-based graphics for the Web
• SVG defines graphics in XML format
• Each element and attribute in SVG files can be animated
• SVG is a W3C recommendation
• SVG integrates with other standards, such as CSS, DOM, XSL and JavaScript

The <svg> Element

The HTML <svg> element is a container for SVG graphics.

SVG has several methods for drawing paths, rectangles, circles, polygons, text, and much more.

SVG Circle

<<svg width="100" height="100"> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="green" stroke-width="4" fill="yellow" /> </svg>

SVG Rectangle

<svg width="400" height="120"> <rect x="10" y="10" width="200" height="100" stroke="red" stroke-width="6" fill="blue" /> </svg>

SVG Rectangle with opacity

<svg width="400" height="180"> <rect x="50" y="20" rx="20" ry="20" width="150" height="150" style="fill:red;stroke:black;stroke-width:5;opacity:0.5" /> </svg>

Advantages of SVG

• Lightweight: Often similar in file size compared to other image formats for simple graphics.
• CSS Styling: SVG elements can be styled and manipulated using CSS
• Accessibility: SVG can include text descriptions that improve accessibility.
• DOM Integration: SVG elements can be manipulated directly within the DOM, allowing dynamic changes with JavaScript.

Difference between SVG and Canvas

SVG is a language for describing 2D graphics in XML, while Canvas draws 2D graphics, on the fly (with JavaScript).

SVG is XML based, which means that every element is available within the SVG DOM. You can attach JavaScript event handlers to SVG graphics.

In SVG, each drawn shape is remembered as an object. If attributes of an SVG object are changed, the browser can automatically re-render the shape

Canvas is rendered pixel by pixel. In canvas, once the graphic is drawn, it is forgotten by the browser. If its position should be changed, the entire scene needs to be redrawn, including any objects that might have been covered by the graphic.