Excel Functions & Formulas

A formula is an expression that performs calculations on data in Excel.

Important Functions

• SUM() → Adds numbers
• AVERAGE() → Calculates average
• MIN() → Smallest value
• MAX() → Largest value
• COUNT() → Count numeric cells
• MOD() → Remainder
• POWER() → Power calculation
• LEN() → Count characters
• CONCATENATE() → Join text
• UPPER / LOWER / PROPER → Text case
• NOW() → Current date & time
• TODAY() → Current date
• VLOOKUP() → Search vertically
• HLOOKUP() → Search horizontally
• IF() → Logical condition
• COUNTIF() → Conditional count
• SUMIF() → Conditional sum
• RANK() → Ranking values

These functions are widely used in data analysis and reporting.