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What is Computer?

Computer is an electronic device which is developed by "Charles babbage" near by 19th century.
It take inputs data from the input devices, stores and processed it and produces output.

Computer work on below cycle

Input -> Process -> Output

Components of computer.

Two types of components available in computer are hardware and software

Hardware

  • Input devices.
  • Output devices.
  • Storage devices.

Software

  • Application Software
  • System Software

Characterstics of computer.

  • Speed
  • Accuracy
  • Automation
  • Versatility
  • Storage
  • Reliability
  • Security
  • Deligence
  • Multitasking
  • Sharing

Explanation of characteristics of computer.

Speed

Computer can complete any kinds of calculation in a few seconds because computer is a super-fast machine.

Accuracy

Computer is very accurate about its result. Each calculation performed by computer is 100% correct.

Automation

Computers are automatic machines because once started on a job, they carry out the job until it is finished.

Versatility

Computers is versatile device because it can perform a variety of task.

Storage

Computers have high storage capacity, due to which they can store large amount of data.

Reliability

Computer is a reliable machine that can be trusted for a long time. This is the reason that today every organizations depend on the computer for their work.

Security

The biggest feature of computer is that it provides us high security

Deligence

Computer is a machine, that can do any work 24*7 without being tired, non-stop & without fault.

Multitasking

Multitasking is one of the great feature of computer because they can do many tasks at same time.

Sharing

In computer, it is possible that we can easily share our data from one computer to another.



Files And Folders in computer

What is Folder?

Folder is a container of files, and subfolders. We can create folder by simply right click -> select new foler on any where in our computer sytem. Folder is also called directory.


What is File?

File is a collection of informations, we can create file inside folder or outside folder, just simply right click -> select new office word document or any other file.


Types of files and there extensions

  • Notepad File extension(.txt)
  • Word File extension (.doc/.docx)
  • PDF File extension (.pdf)
  • Excel File extension (.xls/.xlsx)
  • Power Point File (.ppt/.pptx)

Memory Unit

Name Size
Binary Digit 1 bit (smallest unit)
1 Nibble 4 bits
1 Byte 8 bits
1 Kilobyte(KB) 1024 bytes
1 Megabyte(MB) 1024 KB
1 Gigabyte(GB) 1024 MB
1 Terabyte(TB) 1024 GB
1 Petabyte(PB) 1024 TB
1 Exabyte(EB) 1024 PB
1 Zettabyte(ZB) 1024 EB
1 Yottabyte(YB) 1024 ZB
1 Brontobyte(BB) 1024 YB
1 Geopbyte Highest unit

Computer function keys

F1:

Opens the help system for the active window.

F2:

Allows you to rename a selected file or folder.

F3:

Is commonly used to active a search function in applications

F4:

It can be used to repeat the last action you performed in many applications.

F5:

It can be used to refresh my computer.

F6:

Move the cursor to the address bar in Internet explorer, Mozilla Firefox and most other Internet browsers.

F7:

Used to spell check and grammar check a document in Microsoft apps.

F8:

Allows access to the advanced boot options menu in Windows.

F9:

Sends the e-mail in the active window.

F10:

Activates the menu bar of an open application

F11:

This key enters and exists the full-screen mode in Internet browsers.

F12:

It is used to show save as dialogue box