Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

Python divides the operators in the following groups:

• Arithmetic operators
• Assignment operators
• Comparison operators
• Logical operators
• Identity operators
• Membership operators
• Bitwise operators

Arithmetic operators

Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:

Operator	Name	Example
+	Addition	x+y
-	Subtraction	x-y
*	Multiplication	x*y
/	Division	x/y
%	Modulus	x%y
%%	Exponentiation	x**y

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:

Operator	Example	Same as
=	x=4	x=4
+=	x+=3	x=x+3
-=	x-=3	x=x-3
*=	x*=3	x=x*3
/=	x/=3	x=x/3
%=	x%=3	x=x%3

Python Comparison operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values.

Operator	Name	Example
==	Equal	x==y
!=	Not Equal	x!=y
>	Greater than	x>y
<	Less than	x
>=	Greater than or equal to	x>=y
<=	Less than or equal to	x<=y

Python Logical operators

Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:

Operators	Descriptions	Example
and	return true if both statements are true	x<5 and x<10
or	Returns True if one of the statements is true	x < 5 or x < 4
not	Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true	not(x < 5 and x < 10)

Python Identity operators

Operator	Descriptions	Example
is	Returns True if both variables are the same object	x is y
is not	Returns True if both variables are not the same object	x is not y

Python Membership operators

Operator	Descriptions	Example
in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object	x in y
not in	Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object	x not in y

Python Bitwise operators

Operator	Name	Descriptions	Example
&	and	Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1	x&y
|	or	Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1	x|y
^	xor	Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1	x^y
~	not	Inverts all the bits	~x
<<	zero fill left shift	Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off	x<<2
>>	zero fill right shift	Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off	x<<2